LUQ LTER DATA SETS DOCUMENTATION FORM

ON-LINE VERSION

A DATA SET is a series of observations collected by the same methodology. Each data set should have documentation sufficient for someone unfamiliar with the research to replicate the study. Data sets may be broken into subsets (data files) that are discrete in space and time, in that order. The documentation for a data set should include all spatial and temporal subdivisions of the data.

(Data, Abstract, Methods, Variables)

NOTES: This metadata is under revision by the LUQ IM to make it comply with the EML

  • Add rows to tables or lines to paragraphs as you need them for entering your data.
  • Contact emelendez@lternet.edu if you have any question.
  • See online Guidelines (http://luq.lternet.edu/datamng/imdocs/division.html) to help you fill this form
  • Get the description online of any of the highlighted item by locating your cursor on top of the item, holding the [Ctrl] key while left-clicking your mouse.
PERSON(S) COMPLETING THIS FORM: E-MAIL ADDRESS:
Sharon A. Cantrell scantrel@suagm.edu

DATA SET IDENTIFIER: Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) Litter Basket Microbial diversity DNA data

PROJECT TITLE: Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) (Leaf Litter Microbial Communities at different stages of decomposition with and without canopy opening and debris deposition)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This long-term experiment will increase the frequency of simulated hurricane effects above background levels to once every six years. The experiment will determine effects of repeated disturbance of the forest canopy and increased detrital inputs to the forest floor on germination, growth, survival, nutrient cycling, soil conditions, and trophic structure. Climate change models predict increased frequency and intensity of Caribbean hurricanes (Emmanuel 1987, Goldenberg et al. 2001), and our goal is to evaluate predictions regarding the effects of an increased rate of hurricane disturbance on tabonuco forest (Sanford et al. 1991). The experiment also is designed to decouple the effects of canopy disturbance (e.g. , light levels, temperature, moisture, etc. ) from those of increased detrital inputs on rates of detrital processing and resultant community and ecosystem processes. Manipulations and measurements of detrital processing, SOM, and soil properties associated with SOM will continue for at least three more funding periods (until 2024). In the short-term, we will use faunal manipulations nested within the canopy trimming experiment to measure the strength of interactions between autotrophic and detrital food webs in the context of hurricane-like disturbance. These results will be directed specifically at parameterizing the Trophic Interaction Model. This experiment also will provide a physical and intellectual focal point for the project participants. The Canopy Trimming Experiment has two parts: 1) a forest canopy manipulation with measurements of coupled changes in microclimate, structure, and biota and their associated impacts on ecosystem processes, and 2) specific manipulations of the biota that assess the importance of components of the food web.

CTE Litter Basket Microbial diversity DNA data: Leaf Litter Microbial Communities at different stages of decomposition with and without canopy opening and debris deposition. Hurricanes are common disturbances affecting forest ecosystems in the Caribbean. Our objective was to determine the relative abundance and diversity of microorganisms in leaf litter at different stages of decomposition, and the influence of canopy opening and debris addition or removal. The study was conducted in the tabonuco forest (subtropical moist) at El Yunque Rain Forest, Puerto Rico. Three blocks with four treatment plots were established. TRFLP profiles of the 16S rDNA digested with MnlI and fungal ITS digested with HaeIII showed that the microbial communities at 17, 31 and 55 weeks were highly divergent among treatments. Ratio of fungal to bacterial phylotypes increased for closed canopy with debris addition. Leaf mass loss was slowest in the treatment with canopy trimming and debris removal. Microbial community changes through time can be related to microclimate and the availability of labile compounds. Fungi appeared to control the succession of microorganisms in decomposing leaves.

LTER CORE AREAS: (Annotate all that apply) (See online list)

Population Dynamics
Disturbance Patterns

LEF LTER 1 RESEARCH TOPIC: Annotate all that apply (See online list)

Recovery-Spat. Dist.

We define a data file as a component of a data set. A data set can have only one data file or more. Basically, different data files have different data structures or format.

DATA SET FILES (SUBSETS):

Data File No. Data File Identifier On-Line Filename Starting Date Periodicity of sample End Period
1
CTE Litter Bacterial DNA

CTELitterTRFLP16SDNA.txt July 5, 2006 Every 1 - 3 months July 13, 2006
2 CTE Litter Fungal DNA

CTELitterTRFLPITSDNA.txt July 5, 2005 Every 1 - 3 months July 13, 2006

RESEARCH LOCATION: 1) CTE A, B , C Plots:30+ m West of western edge of Big Grid, on North and South side of Prieta stream, near Vogt old plots; 30+ m South of Big Grid, all plots along Oxcart Trail;30+ m West of SE corner of Big Grid, respectively.

INVESTIGATORS:

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS E-MAIL ADDRESS

S.A. Cantrell

scantrel@suagm.edu

OTHER RESEARCHERS E-MAIL ADDRESS
M. Ortiz mortizciencias@yahoo.es
D.J. Lodge dlodge@fs.fed.us
djlodge@caribe.net

CONTACT PERSONS Phone Number (Include area code) E-MAIL ADDRESS
S.A. Cantrell 787-743-7979 Ext. 4266 scantrel@suagm.edu

SOURCE OF FUNDING (SPONSOR): Grants DEB-0218039 and DEB-0620910 from the National Science Foundation to the Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies (ITES), University of Puerto Rico (UPR), and the International Institute for Tropical Forestry USDA Forest Service.

DATA SET ABSTRACT: Hurricanes are common disturbances in the Caribbean region that affect tree distribution, species diversity and biomass in forests. Little is known of how microbial communities in soil and litter are affected by natural or anthropogenic disturbances. The objective of our study was to determine the relative abundance and diversity of microorganisms in leaf litter at different stages of decomposition, and the effect of canopy opening and debris addition or removal.

DATA SET METHODS: The study was located in subtropical moist forest (tabonuco forest type dominated by Dacryodes excelsa) at El Verde in the Caribbean National Forest, Puerto Rico. Three blocks with four treatment plots were established. Litter decomposition baskets were placed in five randomly selected subplots per plot. Plots received the following treatments: canopy trimmed and debris added, canopy trimmed and debris removed, not trimmed with debris added, and control. One basket per subplot was retrieved at 7, 14, 28, 40.5 and 53 weeks. Results: Leaf mass loss was slowest in the treatment with canopy trimming and debris removal. Canopy opening was associated with lower litter moisture, lower fungal connectivity between litter layers and slower mass loss after three months. Addition of green leaves increased moisture, and frequently accelerated mass loss of the senesced leaves below them at 17, 28 and 40.5, but not 53 weeks. After 28 weeks, mass loss showed a significant treatment interaction, and was concordant with fungal connectivity between litter cohorts. TRFLP profiles of the 16S rDNA digested with MnlI and fungal ITS digested with HaeIII shows that the microbial communities at 17, 28 and 53 weeks were highly divergent among treatments (Sorensen index of similarity). In comparisons of green versus senesced leaves within treatments, bacterial communities’ differed somewhat, fungal communities differed strongly, but mass loss did not differ. Conclusions: Microbial community changes through time can be related to microclimate and the availability of labile compounds. Fungi appeared to control the succession of microorganisms in decomposing leaves.

CTE BasketsOpen-mesh plastic baskets 35 x 25 cm were modified by cutting out the solid bottom and replacing it with 2mm mesh woven nylon mesh. The experiment was set up between July 1 and 10, 2005. The existing non-woody forest floor (FOFL) was carefully transferred to the bottom of the basket, and a 1mm mesh plastic window screen was placed over the forest floor layer. All baskets received 10 g air-dried freshly fallen (senesced) leaves (FRFA) of Manilkara bidentata and Dacryodes excelsa in a near mono-layer covering 75%-85% of the forest floor cap screen, followed by an additional cap screen. The mixture of freshly fallen leaves in Block A was 6 g Dacryodes excelsa and 4 g Manilkara bidentata. The mixture of freshly fallen leaves in Blocks B and C was 4 g Dacryodes excelsa and 6 g Manilkara bidentata. The two treatments that received canopy debris (canopy trimming plus debris, and no trimming plus debris) received 100 g fresh weight of green leaves (GL) trimmed from the understory in the following proportions: 25 g Dacryodes excelsa, 33 g Sloanea berteriana, and 42 g Manilkara bidentata for all blocks. There wee three to four 100 g fresh weight subsamples of green leaves per batch for determination of fresh weight to oven-dried weight ratios, and initial nutrient concentrations of the green leaves. The green leaf layer was followed by a cap screen to separate it from natural new litterfall (NL). There were five litter decomposition subplots in each plot, and six litter decomposition baskets in each subplot. However, the canopy trimming and debris removal treatment only had baskets in four of the five litter decomposition subplots in blocks B and C.  One basket per subplot was picked at the following intervals: 7, 17, 28, 40.5, 53 and 80 weeks, but no microbial samples were taken at 80 weeks. At the 17 and 28 week harvests, an additional ‘cap’ screen was placed in the remaining baskets to separate litterfall cohorts. Harvested baskets were returned to the station, and 2 g of leaf litter per subplot basket were pooled within plots for microbial analysis. . DNA was extracted from a 0.3 g of the pooled sample using MoBio Ultra Clean Soil DNA Isolation Kit. The 16S bacterial rDNA was amplified using primers 27F-FAM and 1525R, and digested with MnlI. The fungal ITS region was amplified using primers ITS1-FAM and ITS4, and digested with HaeIII. Samples were analyzed in an ABI 3130 using GenScan 500 Liz Size Standard.

REFERENCES:

CROSS-REFERENCES (other data sets related to this one): LTERDBAS #145: Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) Litter decomposition and Connectivity basket data; LTERFBAS#160: Canopy Trimming Experiment (CTE) Microbial EL-FAME Data

SAMPLE LOCATION:

STORAGE SITES(of data files): Universidad del Turabo

INVESTIGATOR'S ASSIGNED KEYWORDS:

LEF LTER OFFICIAL KEYWORDS (See table): EL VERDE, CTE blocks, SUBTROPICAL WET ECOSYSTEM, DISTURBANCE, DECOMPOSITION, HURRICANE, COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, SUCCESSION, FUNGI, MONERA

PUBLICATIONS:
May 21-25, 2007. American Society of Microbiology 107th General Meeting, Metro Toronto Convention Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Poster Presentation: Ortiz Hernández, M. L., Lodge, D. J., Pérez Jiménez, J. R., Cantrell, S. A. Leaf Litter Microbial Communities at different stages of decomposition with and without canopy opening and debris deposition

September 19-23, 2006. All-Scientists Long-Term Ecological Research Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado. Poster Presentation: Cantrell, SA, García-Orta LM, Rivera-Figueroa F, Cruz C, González G, Zou X, Pett-Ridge J, Dubinsky E, Lodge DJ, Firestone M. 2006. “Microorganisms. Key players in ecosystem functions

September 19-23, 2006. All-Scientists Long-Term Ecological Research Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado. Poster Presentation: Zimmerman J, Shiels A, Bloch C, Cantrell S. Crowl T, Cruz C, Garcia L, González G, Klawinski P, Lebrón L, Lodge DJ, McDowell W, Melendez-Colom E, Prather C, Ramirez A, Reese E, Richardson B, Richardson M, Rivera F, Schowalter T, Sharpe J, Silver W, Brokaw N.  2006.  “The Canopy Trimming Experiment at LUQRESTRICTED

DISSEMINATION: RESTRICTED ___ UNRESTRICTED _X_

REASONS TO RESTRICT DATA IN THIS DATA SET BEYOND ITS TWO YEAR POLICY PERIOD*:

*WILL HAVE TO BE APPROVED BY AT LEAST ONE LUQ LTER PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: N. Brokaw, J. ZIMMERMAN, A. LUGO

FILING:
_X__ "File" copy only:Data Management will only file an electronic copy of the data file and its documentation
___ " Enter" data on-line:Data Management will be in charge of entering the data on computer files (Contact Eda C. Meléndez)

SITES DESCRIPTIONS:
1)CTE A, B , C Plots:30+ m West of western edge of Big Grid, on North and South side of Prieta stream, near Vogt old plots; 30+ m South of Big Grid, all plots along Oxcart Trail;30+ m West of SE corner of Big Grid, respectively.

Geographical positional system (GPS) Coordinates for each location:

location

latitude

longitude

El Verde 18.3 65.8

The following table displays the x and y coordinates in Puerto Rico Planar Coordinates:

BlockPlot X Y
A1 217379 54625
A2 217437 54631
A3 217423 54720
A4 217460 54684
B1 217824 54356
B2 217875 54344
B3 217913 54278
B4 217970 54217
C1 217878 54476
C2 217933 54476
C3 217998 54480
C4 218094 54544

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

File Name or # above (all in which the variable appears)

1,2

1,2

1,2

1, 2
AbbreviationAbbreviation(as it appears on the data file)

Block

Plot

Litter_Layer_Cohort Weeks_decomposition
NAME OF VARIABLE

Block identifier

Plot Identifier

Litter Cohort number of weeks decomposing in field
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE

Name given to a grouping of 4-like plots in one of three locations

Name given to a 20m X 20m plot of a Block. No missing data

Litter layer name  
UNIT       weeks

PRECISION       0.5
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES

A = West of western edge of Big Grid plot
B = South of Big Grid
C =  West of SE

1,..., 4

FOFL= Forest Floor, FRFA = Fresh fallen, GL = Green Leaf, NL = New Litter
DATA TYPE

alphabetic

integer

alphabetic

decimal
MISSING DATA CODES     No missing data

No missing data

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

File Name or # above (all in which the variable appears) 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
Abbreviation (as it appears on the data file) Date_Initial Date_Final Sample Peak Size Height Area
NAME OF VARIABLE Date Initial Date Final Sample Peak Size Height Area
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE Date the pre-weighed leaf cohorts were placed in field. No data is missing. Date the baskets were harvested. No missing data. Sequential number assigned to peaks according to their appearance/size. No missing data. Number of base pairs in DNA fragment. No missing data. Fluorescence units datetime. Area below the peak
UNIT            
PRECISION            
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES            
DATA TYPE datetime datetime integer decimal integer decimal
MISSING DATA CODES            

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS:

Variable Name Formula
   

FOR DATA MANAGER USE ONLY

DATE OF LAST REVIEW: May 29, 2009

DATE OF LAST ENTRY:

STAGE OF DATA SET MANAGEMENT (dates):
RECEIVED: March 27, 2009
ENTERED: May 29, 2009
FILED ON-LINE: May 29, 2009
REVIEWED BY RESEARCHER:

FILING MEDIA:
NAME OF DOCUMENTATION FILE: LTERDBAS
RECORD #: 159
DOCUMENT TYPE: binary
PRIORITY TO BE ENTERED: N/A

Rev. date of this form: 28 July 200/ 15 July  2001/June 9, 2003/March 16, 2004/12 April 2005/ 8 November 2005/ 16 January 2006