A DATA SET is a series of observations collected by the same methodology. Each data set should have documentation sufficient for someone unfamiliar with the research to replicate the study. Data sets may be broken into subsets (data files) that are discrete in space and time, in that order. The documentation for a data set should include all spatial and temporal subdivisions of the data.

(Data, Abstract, Methods, Variables)

NOTES:

• Add rows to tables or lines to paraghaphs as you need them for entering your data.
• Contact emelendez@lternet.edu, if you have any question.

PERSON(S) COMPLETING THIS FORM: E-MAIL ADDRESS:

PROJECT TITLE: Frog Population Dynamics

PROJECT DESCRIPTION: El Verde Station, located in the tabonuco forest zone on the NW side of the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF), has hosted numerous scientific efforts since the 1960s. Thus, a great deal of information exists concerning anuran populations at the site over the past 30 years. Although past surveys did not use consistent techniques, they clearly document the general status of the anuran community of the area. I began working at El Verde in the 1970s and have collected data on the anuran community primarily in the 1980s and 1990s. Until recently, these surveys also lacked a consistent sampling protocol, although they clearly document declines in species richness in comparison to earlier records.

Most Puerto Rican Eleutherodactylus are terrestrial frogs that breed for prolonged periods of time in more or less continuous habitat. Because their life cycle lacks a free living larvae stage, reproductive behavior is not tied to bodies of water and they do not have the large aggregations typical of many aquatic breeders. For these reasons, assessing their population status requires examining fairly large areas of habitat. I began systematically sampling the anuran community on a 12 ha grid at the Bisley watersheds in 1989 and a second 16 ha grid at El Verde in 1993. These efforts have provided a comprehensive data set that can be used to evaluate future changes in the anuran community in this forest.

LTER CORE AREAS:(Annotate all that apply)

Population Dynamics

LEF LTER 1 RESEARCH TOPIC: (Annotate all that apply)

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Populations

We define a data file as a component of a data set. A data set can have only one data file or more. Basically, different data files have different data structures or format.
DATA SET FILES (SUBSETS):

Data File No.	Data File Identifier	On-Line Filename	Starting Date	Periodicity of sample	End Period
1	El Verde Grid Point 1991 Coqui Survey	ElVerdeDataAug91.txt	July 4, 1991	biyearly	August 9, 1991
2	El Verde Grid Point 1992 Coqui Survey	ElVerdeDataJul92.txt	July 12, 1991	Summer	July 17, 1991
3	El Verde Grid Point 1993 Coqui Survey	ElVerdeDataMay93.txt	May 26, 1993	Summer	May 30, 1993
4	Bisley Grid Point 1988 Coqui Survey	BisleyData.txt	March 1, 1988	once	March 1, 1988

RESEARCH LOCATION: El Verde Grids: North of El Verde Field Station past the Sonandora River
Bisley Grids: at the Bisley Experimental Watersheds of the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) of Puerto Rico. The Bisley watersheds 1 and 2 are on the windward side of the mountains

INVESTIGATORS:

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS	E-MAIL address
Larry Woolbright	LWoolbright@siena.edu

OTHER RESEARCHERS	E-MAIL address
Students

CONTACT PERSONS	E-MAIL address	Phone Number (Include area code)
Larry Woolbright	LWoolbright@siena.edu	(518) 783-2440

SOURCE OF FUNDING (SPONSOR): LTER

DATA SET ABSTRACT: Count of frogs, various frog predators, and various frog preys were taken at regular intervals on the grids.

DATA SET METHODS: A 5m X 5m quadrant was established at certain grid points. Adult E. coqui were cohort marked by toc clip and measured with dial calipers to 0.5mm. Sex and reproductive condition were noted.

Juvenile coquies upto 5mm size classes were measured using a plastic rule and counted. Other frog species were sampled by listening for call and estimating the number of calling individuals within 20m of the grid point. Known invertebrate frog predators and major preys were identified by morphospecies and counted.

All data were taken between 2000m and 0200mm. Foliage and litter moisture, Rh sling psychoro, and SPL were taken inmediately before each quadrant was measured.

REFERENCES: None

CROSS-REFERENCES (other data sets related to this one): LTERDBAS25: Frog transect data, LTERDBAS30: Frog grid data (Bisley), LTERDBAS44: Frog population plots (El Verde + Bisley), LTERDBAS45: Frog spatial distribution data (El Verde + Bisley), LTERDBAS76: Frog abundance in fertilization plots, LTERDBAS150: Pattern morphology for frogs captured at 9 locations in northeastern Puerto Rico over a 25-year period from 1978 to 2002

SAMPLE LOCATION: N/A

STORAGE SITES (of data files):

INVESTIGATOR'S ASSIGNED KEYWORDS: Amphibia, Ancura, leptodactylidae, eleutherodactylus coqui, habitat selection, density, Arthropoda, Insect, Arachnida.

LEF LTER OFFICIAL KEYWORDS (See table): LFDP (EV Big Grid), BISLEY WATERSHEDS, Q1, Q2, TABONUCO, POPULATION DYNAMICS, AMPHIBIANS, PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL

PUBLICATIONS:
Stewart, M.M. and L.L. Woolbright. 1996. Amphibians. Chapter 8 in D.P. Reagan and R.B. Waide, editors. The food web of a tropical rain forest. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois. (Abstract)

Gonser, R.A.* and L.L. Woolbright. 1995. Homing behavior of the Puerto Rican frog, Eleutherodactylus coqui. Journal of Herpetology 29:481-484. (Abstract)

Woolbright, L.L. 1996. Disturbance influences long-term population patterns in the Puerto Rican frog, (1)Eleutherodactylus coqui (Anura: Leptodactylidae). 1996. Biotropica 28:493-501. (Abstract)

DISSEMINATION: UNRESTRICTED

REASONS TO RESTRICT DATA IN THIS DATA SET BEYOND ITS TWO YEAR POLICY PERIOD*:

*WILL HAVE TO BE APPROVED BY LTER PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: J. ZIMMERMAN, A. LUGO , D.J. LODGE

SITES DESCRIPTIONS: El Verde Grid: Grids are 20 m by 20 m plots (quadrats) in the Big Grid. See LTERDBAS # 47 for further description. The Bisley watersheds 1 and 2 are on the windward side of the mountains, have a mean annual precipitation of approximately 3500 mm, and occur in the subtropical forest life zone (Scatena, 1989).

Geographical positional system (GPS) Coordinates for each location:  

location	latitude	longitude
El Verde Grids	18° 19’ 26' North	65° 49’ 3' West
Bisley Grids

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-4	1-4	1-3	1-4	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	RecordDataLabel	GridPointRow	GridPointColumn	GridPointSubGrid	Date	Time
NAME OF VARIABLE	Visit day or Totals	grid row coordinate	grid column coordinate	Sub Grid number	Date	Time
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Label assigned to designate the day in which the observations were taken or that the record (row) of data displays totals of a specific group of individuals observed, when applicable	x coordinates of the 40 X 40 at Bisley (120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, 360) or the 16 X 25 grid at El Verde (3, 6, 9, 12, 15) where observation was performed	y coordinates of the 40 X 40 at Bisley (400, 440, 480, 520, 560, 600, 640) or the 16 X 25 grid at El Verde (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24) where observation was performed	The 5m X 5m subquadrat designation of the 400 quadrats of the El Verde Grid where observation was performed	Date of measurement	Time of measurement. Original data type is integer.
UNIT
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	First Night Data = total of frogs or predator of a particular type observed in the first night the grid point was visited, Second Night Data = total of frogs or predator of a particular type observed in the second night the grid point was visited, Third Night Data = total of frogs or predator of a particular type of a particular kind observed in the third night the grid point was visited, Total = total of frogs or predator of a particular type observed in all three nights.	120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, 360, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15	400, 440, 480, 520, 560, 600, 640, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24	37, 40, 43, 46, 49, 88, 91, 94, 97, 100, 139, 142, 145, 148, 151, 190, 193, 196, 199, 202, 241, 244, 247, 250, 253, 292, 295, 298, 301, 304, 343, 346, 349, 352, 355, 394, 397, 400, 403, 406
DATA TYPE	alphabetic	integer	integer	integer	datetime	datetime
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	GridPointSPL	GridPointRh	GridPointFoliage	GridPointLitter	Otherfrognumber	Otherfrogspp
NAME OF VARIABLE	Sound pressure level	Relative Humidity	Foliage moisture	Litter moisture	Other frog number	Other frog species
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Minimum SPL reding on realistic SPL meter set to slow response and C weighting.   Sound is metered for ˜30 seconds in each of 4 directions .  Then the 4 minima are average.	Wet and dry bulb reading off a sling psychrometer (can be converted to %Rh with standard tables)	Description of availability of liquid water on foliage surfaces	Description of water content of leaf litter in forest floor	Number of calling males of other species of frogs besides E. coqui that were heard calling in an estimated area of 20m around the grid point.	Species of calling males of other species of frogs besides E. coqui that were heard calling in an estimated area of 20m around the grid point.
UNIT	Decibel	Fahrenheit
PRECISION	0.5	.2
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	<60, 60-69	72-78	Wet, spotted, dry	Wet, damp, dry
DATA TYPE	alphanumeric	alphanumeric	alphabetic	alphabetic	alphanumeric	alphanumeric
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Adultcoquies_sex	Adultcoquies_cond	Adultcoquies_size	Juvenile6-10	Juvenile11-15	Juvenile16-20_Anolis_gun
NAME OF VARIABLE	Adult coqui sex	Adult coqui condition	Adult coqui size	Number of juvenile coquies in size class 6 - 10 mm	Number of juvenile coquies in size class 11-15mm	Number of juvenile juvenile Anolis gundlachi coquies in size class 16-20 mm
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Codes the sex of each of the adult frogs observed in the grid point	Codes the reproductive status of each of the adult frogs observed in the grid point	Codes the body size (snout to vent length - SVL) of each of the adult frogs observed in the grid point	Number of juvenile coquies that measure from 6 to 10 mm in length observed in the grid point in a particular visit	Number of juvenile coquies that measure from 11 to 15 mm in length observed in the grid point in a particular visit	Number of Anolis gundlachi juvenile coquies that measure from 16 to 20 mm in length observed in the grid point in a particular visit
UNIT			millimeter
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	M = male, F = female	1 = sex not evident, 2 = inmature eggs in female; baggy throat in male, 3 = ground female; calling male		0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	alphabetic	alphanumeric	alphanumeric	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Juvenile21-25	JuvenileTotal	PredatorsPhrynus	Predatorstarantula	Predatorsscorpion	Predatorsstassina
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of juvenile coquies in size class 21 - 25 mm	Total number of juvenile coquies	Number of Phrynus predators	Number of tarantula predators	Number of scorpion predators	Number of stassina predators
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Number of juvenile coquies that measure from 21 to 25 mm in length observed in the grid point in a particular visit	Total number of juvenile coquies in all size classes observed in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all Phrynus invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all tarantula invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all scorpion invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all stassina invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit
UNIT	number	number	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Predatorslandcrab	Predatorswolfspider	Predatorsother_list	PredatorsTotal	Preycockroach
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of landcrab predators	Number of wolfspider predators	List or number of other predators	Number of all predators	Number of cockroach preying on frog
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Counts of all landcrab invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all wolfspider invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	List or counts of all other invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts of all invertebrates known or suspected to  prey on E. coqui in the grid point in a particular visit	Counts the number of cockroaches preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces
UNIT	number	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Preyredroach	Preycricket	Preycavecricket	Preyredcricket	Preyother_list	Preytigercriket	Preyblackbug
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of edroach preying on frog	Number of crickets preying on frog	Number of cavecrickets preying on frog	Number of redcrickets preying on frog	List or number of other invertebrates preying on frog	Number of tigercrikets preying on frog	Number of blackbugs preying on frog
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Counts the number of edroaches preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of crickets preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of cavecrickets preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of redcrickets preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	List or counts of the number of other invertebrates preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of tigercrikets preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of blackbugs preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces
UNIT	number	number	number	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	1-3	1-3	1-3	1-3	4	4
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Preybrownbug	Preybrownroach	Preygreencricket	PreyTotal	Cc	Nt
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of brownbugs preying on frog	Number of brownroaches preying on frog	Number of greencrickets preying on frog	Total number of invertebrates preying on frog	Number of Caracolla caracollus frogs in plot	Number of Nenia tridens frogs in plot
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Counts the number of brownbugs preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of brownroaches preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Counts the number of greencrickets preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Sum of all the number of invertebrates preying on coqui that occur an foliage and litter surfaces	Number of individual of Caracolla caracollus counted in the plot	Number of individual of Nenia tridens counted in the plot
UNIT	number	number	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	4	4	4	4	4	4
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	Lp	Ai	Pa	Og	Da	Py
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of Lamponius portoricensis frogs in plot	Number of Agememnon ifemedia frogs in plot	Number of Polidontes acutangula frogs in plot	Number of Oleacina glabra frogs in plot	Number of D a frogs in plot	Number of Pseudobacteria yersiniana frogs in plot
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Number of individual of Lamponius portoricensis counted in the plot	Number of individual of Agememnon ifemedia counted in the plot	Number of individual of Polidontes acutangula counted in the plot	Number of individual of Oleacina glabra counted in the plot	Number of individual of D a counted in the plot	Number of individual of Pseudobacteria yersiniana counted in the plot
UNIT	number	number	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

VARIABLES (ATTRIBUTES):

FILE NAME OR #ABOVE (all in which the variable appears)	4	4	4	4
ABBREVIATION (as it appears on the data file)	As	Gn	Aa	Cm
NAME OF VARIABLE	Number of Alcadia striata frogs in plot	Number of Garotis nigrolineata frogs in plot	Number of Alcadia alta frogs in plot	Number of Caracolla morginella frogs in plot
DEFINITION OF VARIABLE	Number of individual of Alcadia striata counted in the plot	Number of individual of Garotis nigrolineata counted in the plot	Number of individual of Alcadia alta counted in the plot	Number of individual of Caracolla morginella counted in the plot
UNIT	number	number	number	number
PRECISION
RANGE OR LIST OF VALUES	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...	0, ...
DATA TYPE	integer	integer	integer	integer
MISSING DATA CODES

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS:

Variable Name	Formula

Observation: Wet and dry bulb temperatures can be converted to % RN with standard tables.

DATE OF LAST REVIEW: August 26, 2008
DATE OF LAST ENTRY: 1993
STAGE OF DATA SET MANAGEMENT (dates) :
RECEIVED ENTERED: 1993
FILED 1993 ON-LINE 2001
REVIEWED BY RESEARCHER
FILING MEDIA:
NAME OF DOCUMENTATION FILE: lterdb45.doc,htm
NAME OF ON - LINE CATALOG: LTERDBAS
RECORD #: 45
DOCUMENT TYPE: paper (magnetic media also)
PRIORITY TO BE ENTERED: N/A

Rev. date of this form: 25 January 2001